Mnemonic for Hypernatremia causes
AS GOLD
- Aldosteronism (primary) – would expect raised BP, low K+ and alkalosis (raised HCO3-)
- Steroid excess (e.g. Cushing’s syndrome)
- Gain of IV fluid (e.g. excess IV saline)
- Osmotic diuresis – diabetes mellitus
- Loss of fluid without water replacement (e.g. diarrhea, vomiting, burns)
- Diabetes insipidus – suspect in head injury, pituitary surgery
Another Mnemonic for Hypernatremia causes
6 D's:
Diuretics
Dehydration
Diabetes insipidus
Docs (iatrogenic)
Diarrhea
Disease: kidney, sickle cell, etc
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